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https://www.jfdaily.com/staticsg/res/html/web/newsDetail.html?id=1079176 [10:52, 17.04.2026] ilaha hanim Azeri: https://www.jfdaily.com/staticsg/wap/newsDetail?id=1079176 [10:52, 17.04.2026] ilaha hanim Azeri: Shanghai scientists clinically cure type 1 diabetes! Minimally invasive implantation in half an hour, eliminating the need for insulin. Science and Technology Innovation Frontier 2026-03-10 02:00 Source: Shangguan News; Author: Zhang Yi, Wenhui Daily Diabetes is moving from being "controlled" by medication to being "functionally cured". A Shanghai-based research team has achieved a major breakthrough in diabetes treatment, creating regenerated islets of pancreas in vitro using endoderm stem cells for the first time globally. Through minimally invasive transplantation, this allows type 1 diabetes patients to completely eliminate the need for insulin. This achievement marks a shift in diabetes research from relying on medication for "control" to achieving "functional cure ," ushering in a new era of "regenerated islet transplantation therapy." The study was conducted by Professor Yin Hao's team at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) in collaboration with Researcher Cheng Xin's team at the Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The findings were recently published in the international academic journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. This significant breakthrough signifies that my country has moved from being a "follower" to a "leader" in this field. The formulation developed based on relevant independent intellectual property rights has received Investigational New Drug (IND) approvals in both China and the United States, and clinical trials are being conducted rigorously and systematically with smooth progress. In the future, with further technological advancements, a complete cure for diabetes is expected. This significant breakthrough is not only due to the team's efforts but also closely related to Shanghai's rich scientific heritage and innovative environment. According to the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, in the field of cell and gene therapy (CGT), Shanghai focuses on the Zhangjiang Cell and Gene Industrial Park and the Pujiang Gene Future Valley, which have attracted over 200 cutting-edge technology companies, accounting for one-third of the domestic upstream and downstream industry chain. Since the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan, Shanghai has had five CGT products approved for market launch, and more than 150 projects under research have entered the clinical stage, with many key indicators ranking among the top in the country. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology recently published a related study. Original Chinese design, safer and more efficient. my country has millions of patients with type 1 diabetes. Their pancreatic islet cells are abnormally attacked by the body's immune system, leading to functional failure and difficulty in controlling blood sugar, forcing them to rely on insulin for life. Although traditional islet transplantation is effective for them, the severe shortage of donors (only a few thousand such transplants have been performed globally this century) renders it insufficient for most patients. As a result, the global medical community is focusing on a cutting-edge direction: can new technologies be used to achieve large-scale in vitro regeneration of pancreatic islet tissue? The Shanghai research team has presented a highly original Chinese solution. To create pancreatic islets on a large scale in vitro, stem cells are indispensable "raw materials." Previously, the international standard approach used pluripotent stem cells as the source. While these stem cells have the highest plasticity and can be induced to develop into various functional cells or tissues and organs, including pancreatic islets, their pluripotency makes them prone to incorporation of other non-target cells during the long and complex differentiation process, posing safety risks. Yin Hao and Cheng Xin's team took a unique approach, abandoning pluripotent stem cells and instead establishing a globally original regenerative islet technology system based on endoderm stem cells. Although endoderm stem cells present significant technical challenges, they offer clear advantages: first, their differentiation potential is well-defined, forming only islets and liver tissue; second, the differentiation process is streamlined, reducing the 10 steps of pluripotent stem cell therapy to 2, and shortening the production time from approximately 40 days to 14 days; most importantly, these stem cells do not proliferate indefinitely in the body, fundamentally mitigating the tumorigenic risk associated with stem cell therapy. Cheng Xin told reporters that endoderm stem cells can be prepared using autologous or allogeneic blood cells. Autologous preparation is like custom-making a treatment for each patient, which is time-consuming and costly; allogeneic preparation only requires selecting one healthy person and collecting 5 ml of blood, which can theoretically build an endoderm stem cell "seed bank" enough for tens of millions of people . However, a question arises: will pancreatic islet tissue regenerated from an allogeneic "seed bank" face stronger immunosuppression? This study has provided a preliminary answer. The photo shows the team performing minimally invasive transplantation of regenerated islets of Langerhans. With numerous groundbreaking advancements, clinical evidence demonstrates "functional cure." Yin Hao and Cheng Xin's team reported encouraging results from three patients with type 1 diabetes who underwent endoderm stem cell regeneration and islet transplantation. The three patients consisted of two women and one man, all of whom had long-term poor blood sugar control and frequent severe hypoglycemia. The two female patients were 30 and 15 years old, respectively, and were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in their early teens; the 45-year-old male patient was diagnosed in 2019. From May 2023 to September 2024, Changzheng Hospital, one of the largest islet transplant institutions in China and even Asia, performed autologous and allogeneic regenerated islet transplants on these patients. The transplant surgery was simple, requiring only local anesthesia. The regenerated islet preparation was then administered via the portal vein of the liver in a manner similar to intravenous infusion, taking less than half an hour in total. After the surgery, the blood sugar control of the three patients improved significantly. In particular, the male patient was completely weaned off insulin 36 weeks after the surgery and has maintained stable blood sugar levels ever since, meeting the criteria for clinical cure. The quality of life of the other two female patients also improved significantly. These three cases involve several "firsts," including the world's first autologous and China's first allogeneic regenerated islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes, and the world's first regenerated islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes in a child. The research team stated that the clinical results are the first international demonstration that both autologous and allogeneic regenerated islet transplants can achieve pancreatic function reconstruction in type 1 diabetes patients, thereby improving patients' blood glucose levels in the long term and effectively preventing the occurrence and progression of complications. In addition, all three patients received standard doses of immunosuppressive therapy to prevent their transplanted regenerated islets from being attacked by their own immune system. Because the dosage of immunosuppressants is much lower than that for major organ transplant patients, regenerated islet transplant patients can generally live, work, and study like normal people. In fact, islet transplants from traditional donor sources also require immunosuppressive therapy, and their long-term safety has long been verified by numerous cases. An unexpected finding was that a 30-year-old female patient discontinued immunosuppressants on her own six months after the surgery; although she received autologous regenerated islets, she still experienced immune attacks. Nevertheless, this unexpected outcome unexpectedly demonstrates that autologous regenerated islets also require immunosuppressive drugs. Therefore, more efficient and less expensive allogeneic transplantation should become the mainstream treatment for diabetes with regenerated islets in the future. Accelerated drug development could lead to market launch as early as 2029. While the current results are already remarkable, the scientists' ambitions extend far beyond that. The joint team has set its sights on an even higher goal—a complete cure, meaning enabling patients to be completely weaned off immunosuppressants after receiving a transplant of regenerated islets. Cheng Xin told reporters that they are currently working intensively on the research and development of next-generation technology, which will use gene editing technology to create "universal" regenerated islets of Langerhans , preventing them from being recognized and attacked by the patient's immune system. Furthermore, the new technology will incorporate a "safety component" into the implanted cells, allowing doctors to "shut down" their function with a single click when necessary, further enhancing the long-term safety of the therapy. While continuing their laboratory research, the team is working to accelerate the development of this regenerated islet technology into an innovative drug. Their "allogeneic human regenerated islet injection" is currently the only regenerated islet drug in the world to have received IND approvals in both China and the United States. Phase I clinical trials are nearing completion, and subsequent clinical trials are about to begin; if all goes well, it is expected to be approved for market launch as early as around 2029. Cheng Xin revealed that although the current goal is to treat type 1 diabetes with regenerated islets, it is entirely possible to benefit a much larger number of type 2 diabetes patients in the future by expanding the indications. Statistics show that China currently has the world's largest diabetes population, with approximately 140 million patients, of whom about 5% to 10% are type 1 diabetes patients. The total economic burden related to the treatment of diabetes and its serious complications exceeds 1 trillion yuan annually nationwide. It is foreseeable that as this research continues to advance, the heavy burden that diabetes places on countless families and society as a whole is expected to continue to ease in the future. It is worth mentioning that the Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, where Cheng Xin works, and one of its predecessors, the Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were among the institutions that first synthesized crystalline bovine insulin in 1965, achieving the world's first total artificial synthesis. Changzheng Hospital, where Yin Hao works, successfully performed its first kidney transplant as early as 1976. In this research, the two teams have been collaborating for nearly two decades. At the city level, Shanghai has been committed to accelerating the entire process of biomedicine research and development, clinical trials, manufacturing, and application, and empowering the entire chain in recent years. It has continuously introduced new measures at all stages, built a favorable policy environment, and strived to become the world's "most innovative drug and medical device friendly city". Column Editor: Ren Quan Unauthorized reproduction of this article is strictly prohibited and will be prosecuted.